Incredible Tripura

Tripura is a state in Northeast India, and one of the Seven Sister States. The third-smallest state of India, it occupies an area of 4,051 sq mi (10,490 km2). Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to its east. The state capital is Agartala. A landlocked state, Tripura's geography is characterized by several north-south hill ranges with intervening valleys, and plain in the western part of the state.

The physiography is characterized by hill ranges, valleys and plains. The state has five anticlinal hill ranges running from north to south. From west to east, these ranges are—Boromura, Atharamura, Longtharai, Shakhan and Jampui.The intervening synclinal valleys are Agartala–Udaipur, Khowai–Teliamura, Kamalpur–Ambasa, Kailasahar–Manu, and Dharmanagar–Kanchanpur valleys. Betling Shib in the Jampui hill range with an altitude of 939 m (3,081 ft) is the highest point of the state.The small isolated hillocks interspersed in the state are known as tilla, whereas narrow fertile alluvial valleys mostly present in the western part of the state are called lunga.In geologic time scale, the rocks found in the state date from the oligocene epoch (approximately 34 to 23 million years ago) to the holocene epoch (started 12,000 Before Present), according to lithostratigraphy data published by the Geological Survey of India.The hills have red laterite soil that is porous. The flood plains and narrow valleys have alluvial soil.Flood plains in the western and southern parts of the state contain most of its agricultural land. A number of rivers flow through the hilly regions carving valleys, and pass through the plains to enter Bangladesh.The rivers Khowai, Dhalai, Manu River, Juri and Langai flow towards north; Gumti is westward; Muhuri and Feni flow southwestward.

The state has a tropical savanna climate designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification, although the undulating topography leads to local variations particularly in the hill ranges. The four main seasons are as follows—Winter (December–February), Pre-monsoon or Summer (March–April), Monsoon (May–September) and Post Monsoon (October–November).The southwest monsoon brings heavy rains during the monsoon season. According to data from 1977–2008, the average annual rainfall of the state is 2,196.4 mm (86.47 in). Generally, the maximum and minimum temperatures during Winter (December–January) are around 27 °C (81 °F) and 13 °C (55 °F), and during Summer (March–April) are 36 °C (97 °F) and 24 °C (75 °F) respectively.Heavy rainfall during the monsoon causes frequent floods in the state.